ТИТОВА ЮГОСЛАВИЯ И ТЪРГОВСКИТЕ КОНТАКТИ С БЪЛГАРИЯ (1944 – 1953 г.)*
Сия Никифорова**
TITO’S YUGOSLAVIA AND TRADE RELATIONSHIPS WITH BULGARIA (1944 – 1953)
Sia Nikiforova
The article presents the trade relationships between Bulgaria and newly founded Communist Yugoslavia during the beginning of the Cold War in Europe. Trade became naturally an extension of the simultaneously emerged military and political relations between Bulgarians and Yugoslavians in the heavy economic situation that was a result of Balkan Peninsula’s isolation after the Nazi withdrawal in the autumn of 1944. In the Red Army’s presence in the region economic relations between them and the Soviet Union were established, too. According to the trade embargo, which the Allies imposed upon Sofia as a former Nazi-satellite, these contacts were very important. On the other hand, Yugoslavia, after November 29, 1945 Federal People’s Republic of Yugoslavia (FPRY), became an example of the most rapid and successful imposition of communist monopoly in power. For the Bulgarians, it was clear that international isolation could be overcome with Yugoslavia’s help, so in the period 1944-1948 they kept good relations with Tito, who was well-accepted both in the West, and in the East. After the Tito-Stalin split the situation became much different. The trade between the USSR and the FPRY was suspended, as well as that between Sofia and Belgrade, and thanks to the geopolitical importance of keeping Tito afloat in the Cold War era, the West countries, especially the United States made the financial straightening of Yugoslavia their primary goal.
Keywords: Yugoslavia, Bulgaria, Soviets, Tito, trade, economy.
* Изследването е осъществено в рамките на проект към Фонд „Научни изследвания“ – Министерство на образованието и науката (Договор № КП-06-Н30/5 от 13 дек. 2018 г.) „Българите в Западните Балкани (100 години преди и след Ньой)“.
** Сия Никифорова – ас. д-р, Институт за исторически изследвания при Българска академия на науките.
Никифорова, С. Титова Югославия и търговските контакти с България (1944 – 1953 г.). – В: Българите в Западните Балкани (100 години преди и след Ньой). Сборник с доклади от научна конференция (9 ноември 2020 г.) и национална кръгла маса (20 ноември 2022 г.), проведени в София. С., 2023, Издание на Института за исторически изследвания при Българска академия на науките, с. 341–357. ISBN 978-954-2903-76-5.
